What Is Small Claims Court?
Small claims court is a special court where people can resolve small disputes quickly and affordably -- without lawyers. Here's everything you need to know.
Simple Definition
Small claims court is a special division of the court system designed to resolve minor civil disputes (usually involving money) quickly, informally, and without the need for attorneys. It's sometimes called "the people's court" because it's designed to be accessible to everyone.
Key Features of Small Claims Court
Low Costs
Filing fees range from $30-$100. No attorney fees required.
Fast Resolution
Cases are typically heard within 30-70 days of filing.
No Lawyers
Most states prohibit or discourage attorney representation.
Simple Process
Minimal paperwork and informal procedures.
Judge Decides
No jury trials. A judge hears your case and makes a decision.
Self-Represented
You tell your story directly to the judge in plain language.
Cases You CAN File
Cases You CANNOT File
Small Claims vs. Regular Court
Regular civil court can cost thousands in attorney fees, take months or years, and involve complex procedures. Small claims court is designed to be affordable, fast, and accessible -- you represent yourself and cases are resolved quickly.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the maximum amount I can sue for in small claims court?
It varies by state, ranging from $2,500 to $25,000. Most states allow claims between $5,000 and $12,500. California allows up to $12,500 for individuals and $5,000 for businesses.
Do I need a lawyer for small claims court?
No. In fact, many states prohibit attorneys from representing parties in small claims court. The system is specifically designed for people to represent themselves.
How long does a small claims case take?
From filing to hearing is typically 30-70 days. The hearing itself usually lasts 15-30 minutes. You often get a decision the same day or within a few weeks.
What if I win but the other person doesn't pay?
You'll need to collect the judgment yourself using methods like wage garnishment, bank levies, or property liens. The court doesn't automatically collect for you.
Can I sue a business in small claims court?
Yes. You can sue businesses, corporations, LLCs, and individuals. You'll need to identify the correct legal name and registered agent for service.
Related Guides
Ready to File Your Case?
Tell us about your situation and we'll take it from there.
100% refund if we don't file your case